Multiple Choice and/or True-False Review Questions
(Circle the single best answer for each question.)
1. The major source of energy in most livestock and poultry rations is provided by:
A. fats B. carbohydrates C. proteins
2. Carbohydrates and fats both contain the elements, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. One major difference is that the fat molecule contains a ________ proportion of oxygen to hydrogen.
A. higher B. lower
3. One example of a monosaccharide is:
A. starch B. maltose C. glucose.
4. Maltose is composed of two molecules of:
A. glucose and glucose.
B. glucose and fructose.
C. glucose and galactose.
5. Which of the following can be digested by ruminants but not digested by monogastric animals?
A. starch B. cellulose C. nitrogen-free extract
6. A true fat provides a more concentrated amount of energy as compared to carbohydrates, and also provides some of the essential amino acids.
A. True B. False
7. Which tends to be more reactive in storage?
A. fats that contain largely saturated fatty acids.
B. fats that contain largely unsaturated fatty acids.
8. Chemically, all proteins are organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and about:
A. 2.25% N B. 4.00% N C. 9.00% N D. 16.00% N
9. Although amino acids are classified as “essential” or “nonessential”, all are needed physiologically for body functions.
A. True B. False
10. Which of the following is not classified as an essential amino acid?
A. alanine B. methionine C. lysine D. leucine
11. Body composition of water is lower in the newborn animal than at maturity, or when finished for slaughter.
A. True B. False
12. The amount of water needed by an animal is directly related to the amount of feed dry matter consumed.
A. True B. False
13. Which would not be a general role of minerals in body function?
A. serves a structural role
B. provides energy
C. involved in certain body processes (e.g., chemical reactions)
D. serves as integral parts of key body substances
14. An example of a trace or micro-mineral is:
A. potassium B. sodium C. magnesium D. selenium
15. Some minerals are toxic to animals when consumed in small amounts. An example is:
A. magnesium B. fluorine C. chlorine D. iron
16. Carotene in feeds is a precursor for:
A. Vitamin A B. Vitamin D C. Vitamin E D. Vitamin K
17. Which are stored in the body when provided in excesses above daily requirements?
A. fat-soluble vitamins B. water-soluble vitamins
18. Some specific vitamins and minerals work together to provide normal body function. For example, selenium in combination with Vitamin E helps to prevent:
A. rickets
B. anemia
C. “stiff lambs disease”
D. increased blood clotting time
19. An energy feed is classified as one with:
A. more than 18% crude fiber and more than 20% crude protein
B. more than 18% crude fiber and less than 20% crude protein
C. less than 18% crude fiber and less than 20% crude protein
D. less than 18% crude fiber and more than 20% crude protein
20. Select the feedstuff that is not classified as a protein supplement.
A. barley B. soybean meal C. cottonseed meal D. linseed meal
Chapter 4 (These questions both Chapter 4 and 5 may be used on the
Exam, September 28, 2007)
Multiple Choice and/or True-False Review Questions
(Circle the single best answer for each question.)
1. Processes of feed digestion include:
A. chemical changes B. physical changes C. release of nutrients
D. all of the above
2. Young ruminants such as one week old calves and lambs are functionally nonruminants.
A. True B. False
3. In poultry, feed particles move from the mouth into the esophagus, then into a temporary storage structure termed the:
A. proventriculus B. gizzard C. crop
4. Which is not a portion of the small intestine?
A. duodenum B. jejunum C. cecum D. ileum
5. Of the following, which depends most upon its tongue to grasp vegetative material and shear it against its lower incisors?
A. cattle B. horses C. sheep
6. The large quantities of saliva secreted by ruminants helps maintain the desired pH of the rumen contents.
A. True B. False
7. The action of the enzyme, lipase, is most active in the:
A. acid environment of the stomach.
B. acid environment of the small intestine.
C. alkaline environment of the small intestine.
8. Bile enhances fat digestion because it emulsifies fat.
A. True B. False
9. The minute proliferations of the small intestinal lining that provide a large surface area for absorption of nutrients are termed:
A. papillae B. villi C. cecae
10. Fermentation in the horse’s digestive system, similar to that occurring in the rumen, occurs in the:
A. stomach B. small intestine C. cecum and colon
11. The compartment located immediately in front of (anterior to) the rumen is the:
A. reticulum B. abomasum C. omasum
12. Rumination includes the process(es) of:
A. regurgitation D. reswallowing
B. remastication E. all of the above
C. insalivation
13. Large amounts of saliva produced by the ruminant enters the rumen to help maintain its contents at a pH near:
A. 5.0 to 5.5 B. 6.0 to 6.5 C. 6.5 to 7.0
14. Healthy mature ruminants are hosts to microorganisms that synthesize microbial protein containing all of the essential amino acids.
A. True B. False
Multiple Choice and/or True-False Review Questions
(Circle the single best answer for each question.)
1. Concentrates make up a major portion of the ration of nonruminants and are characterized as being:
A. high in fiber and high in energy.
B. high in fat and low in energy.
C. low in fiber and high in energy.
D. high in fiber and low in energy.
2. Nutrient levels for nonruminant rations are usually stated as a “proportion of the ration.”
A. True B. False
3. Safety factors (additional nutrient allowances) are added to ration specifications to insure that nutrients meet or exceed the minimum requirement of the animal.
A. True B. False
4. An excellent example of loss of nutrients due to prolonged storage is the oxidation of carotene in some feedstuffs.
A. True B. False
5. Of the following, which generally represents the greatest out-of-pocket expense to the feeder of livestock and poultry?
A. fats B. carbohydrates C. protein
6. Although a ration can be carefully balanced in nutrients, the palatability of some of its ingredients may limit its acceptability to the animal.
A. True B. False
7. Feed additives, such as antibiotics, must be declared safe and effective before they are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and made available for use in animal feeds.
A. True B. False